This is very difficult to generalise, on account of whether the problem is related to covering the property during the course of construction, or decennial liability (which is mandatory for all parties involved in building projects in France) which is equivalent, in sorts, to a structural warranty in the UK.

Decennial insurance has been mandatory for all building work under the Code Civile since 1947, with current rules dating from 1978. Building owners, including homebuyers and all involved in the building process, each have separate insurance cover. A single capitalised premium is payable by each at the time of building.

There is ten-year cover, without proof of fault, for structural soundness and suitability for purpose, and two-year cover for satisfactory performance of equipment associated with the structure, such as central heating.

If a claim for defects arises, the owner claims from his own insurers, who will meet the costs of remedial work and who will claim in their turn from the insurers of one or more of the builders, architects or other parties involved.

Basically anyone involved with a build project has a legal responsibility for its performance over a 10-year period.
It is possible for a UK Financial Services Authority (FSA) authorised insurer to provide cover in France via European passporting rights – but I think Build-Zone (www.build-zone.com) may be the only vehicle with the correct licensing rights.